The entropy of systems

Jim,

"Emission of light:
Atoms, molecules, or solids that are excited to high energy levels can decay to lower levels by emitting radiation (emission or luminescence)..."

(example: lightning or the sun's corona)

Apparently this is one way of getting light out of matter.
Other ways would be by nuclear fusion/ fission, chemical reaction etc...

It's all about the same thing: energy transfer within matter.

GD, Would you say energy within matter is electric and when energy leaves matter it is radiation? The point is when energy of stars is estimated by astronmers blackbody laws are used and that method gets false results because as you can see light can be generated in more efficient ways yielding way more light than a blackbody using the same amount of energy. A better way of looking at stars would begin with the fact that the sun radiates one watt per 5,000 kilograms and assuming that matter will radiate at that rate when compressed into a body of 2x10E30 kilograms. When the nature of radiation in nature is the focus of a study the other stuff is secondary to that fact. If you look at stars as blackbodies the IR magnetude will give better results than Planck/Wein/Stephan/Boltsman max frequency way of estimating the size/mass/age of stars. The more IR radiation the more mass.

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
<br />GD, Would you say energy within matter is electric and when energy leaves matter it is radiation?...
<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">

Jim, Maybe it's a way of saying it, if it helps to understand. But, this could be confusing... would lightning be electricity emitted from matter or radiation?

I think we should just call it <i>energy</i> (in different forms: matter and radiation).

E(m) and E(r)

This way we know it is basically energy changing form.
Do you agree with this?

Gd, It seems radiation and whatever you call electric effects are the same except for conduction. It is said electric charge is conducted-even lightning is conducted. The radiation of charge- x-ray and light(maybe a little ir&radio too) that is known as a spark must use energy that would otherwise be conducted. There are complications with conduction that don't exist in radiation. And then radiation exists outside of matter while electric effects need matter to exist. Very complex details.

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
<br />... There are complications with conduction that don't exist in radiation. And then radiation exists outside of matter while electric effects need matter to exist. Very complex details.
<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">

Hi Jim,
I gave a quick look on the web to see the different ways to describe the interactions of energy and found this to be in the double digits...(wow!)

All this could be summarized by saying: The changing state of matter causes different observable conditions such as (radiation, convection, conduction, advection?, heat flux, thermal transfer,..etc.)

I believe radiation or any other emitted, conducted, convected form of energy is impossible without first having been in the form of matter.

I think this is simple... only we have made it complicated and are lost in the different terminology that describes the interactions of energy.

Since energy can neither be created or destroyed in our universe, then the only option left is for conversion.
This is where the notion of entropy comes in.

You have the "chicken/egg" effect in your latest post-maybe thats where entrophy comes from. You say energy comes from matter and energy always existed. I can't connect the dots in any logical way.