Quantized redshift anomaly

Hi JMB, you obviously know a great deal about zpf, I was wondering, has anyone in this field come up with a speed of light in a "true " vacuum. I'm assuming that the speed of light contracts in the space of matter. I suppose this would mean that Andromeda as a little closer to us than we think.

I've been looking at the ratio of the speed of light to the speed of gravity, and I came up with the number 3.88482813146E 16 times c. Seeking to tidy it up, I thought that if the speed of light was pi times ten to the power eight, then we'd have a speed of gravity of 0.5 * 3.10062766803E 25 = 1.55031383401E 25 metres per second.

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by Stoat</i>
<br />Hi JMB, you obviously know a great deal about zpf, I was wondering, has anyone in this field come up with a speed of light in a "true " vacuum. <hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">
Matter is made of small, relatively far particles, and the speed of light between these particles is c. These particles are generally excited ("dressed") by the electromagnetic field, emitting (scattering) a Rayleigh coherent radiation whose phase is shifted of (pi)/2 in a transparent medium (and a weaker Raman radiation that I neglect in this section). All scattered light interferes into wave surfaces identical to the wave surfaces of exciting light, so that the amplitudes of exciting and scattered waves may be added, giving a retarded wave. It is the refraction. This retardation may be modeled by an index of refraction and a propagation speed lower than c.

Collisions (in low pressure gas), other fluctuations of density at the time scale of the pulses of light may produce extra phase shifts whose value is stochastic. They give the Rayleigh incoherent scattering (for instance the blue of the sky). In very low pressure gas, most collisions are binary, their number in a unit volume is proportional to the square of the pressure, so that the number of incoherent scattering sources (Rayleigh or Raman), and the intensity of this scattering are proportional to the square of the pressure, negligible in interstellar regions (happily for astronomy!)

Making a similar computation for Raman scattering, the same general rules apply, but it is generally impossible to get a large amplitude and a single frequency from the interference of exciting and coherently scattered light. The conditions of coherence to obtain a large effect were given by G. L. Lamb : "the pulses of light must be shorter than all relevant time constant". Applying this condition, we see that, with ordinary incoherent light, the effect which shifts the frequencies of refracted light, requires very specific gas, in space neutral atomic hydrogen in 2S or 2P states. It is the CREIL effect.
<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote">
I've been looking at the ratio of the speed of light to the speed of gravity ...
<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">
A definition of "speed of gravity" requires a theory which does not seem very dependable.

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"> Posted - 29 Feb 2008 : 10:05:44

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Originally posted by Stoat

Hi JMB, you obviously know a great deal about zpf, I was wondering, has anyone in this field come up with a speed of light in a "true " vacuum.

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Matter is made of small, relatively far particles, and the speed of light between these particles is c. These particles are generally excited ("dressed") by the electromagnetic field, emitting (scattering) a Rayleigh coherent radiation whose phase is shifted of (pi)/2 in a transparent medium (and a weaker Raman radiation that I neglect in this section). All scattered light interferes into wave surfaces identical to the wave surfaces of exciting light, so that the amplitudes of exciting and scattered waves may be added, giving a retarded wave. It is the refraction. This retardation may be modeled by an index of refraction and a propagation speed lower than c.

Collisions (in low pressure gas), other fluctuations of density at the time scale of the pulses of light may produce extra phase shifts whose value is stochastic. They give the Rayleigh incoherent scattering (for instance the blue of the sky). In very low pressure gas, most collisions are binary, their number in a unit volume is proportional to the square of the pressure, so that the number of incoherent scattering sources (Rayleigh or Raman), and the intensity of this scattering are proportional to the square of the pressure, negligible in interstellar regions (happily for astronomy!)

Making a similar computation for Raman scattering, the same general rules apply, but it is generally impossible to get a large amplitude and a single frequency from the interference of exciting and coherently scattered light. The conditions of coherence to obtain a large effect were given by G. L. Lamb : "the pulses of light must be shorter than all relevant time constant". Applying this condition, we see that, with ordinary incoherent light, the effect which shifts the frequencies of refracted light, requires very specific gas, in space neutral atomic hydrogen in 2S or 2P states. It is the CREIL effect.

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I've been looking at the ratio of the speed of light to the speed of gravity ...

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A definition of "speed of gravity" requires a theory which does not seem very dependable
<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">

I recall that Tom said gravity is instantaneous because if gravity had a speed the orbits would fall behind...

Hi Tommy, Tom doesn't say that the speed of gravity is instantaneous, he says that it has to be at least twenty billion times faster than the speed of light. This suggests to me, at any rate, that the vacuum has a tremendously high energy density.

<font face="Arial Black">FRONT PAGE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN MARCH 2008</font id="Arial Black">

<font size="4">The End of </font id="size4">
<font size="6">Cosmology</font id="size6">
<font size="3">Evidence of the Big Bang
is disappearing as the
universe expands</font id="size3">

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OPPS[]

After looking at the article the authors are saying that the expanding universe wiil make the evidence disappear, so it is not a realization of no big bang, just an extrapolation of the present ideas....[]