Deep-Gas, Deep Hot Biosphere Theory

Hi Gregg, I had you had that problem in mind and hoped for something more exciting. Why not use distilled water so the calcite and chalk are not a part of the system? And why use freeze cycles for these systems?

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<br />Hi Gregg, I had you had that problem in mind and hoped for something more exciting. Why not use distilled water so the calcite and chalk are not a part of the system? And why use freeze cycles for these systems?
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Jim

The waste waters have dissolved solids <b>which almost always include Na+, K+, Mg++, Ca++, F-, Cl-, HCO3-, CO3=, NO3-, SO4= and SiO2.</b> Any evaporative recovery of water will always lead to the problem of scale. Once scale occurs on heat transfer surfaces, the process fails.

There is the possibility of separating pure water from dissolved solids by freezing the water. But no one has been able to make it a practical method. Other processes such as reverse osmosis work only on water that has little dissolved solids. It is common to have an RO unit followed by an evaporator unit followed by a crystallizer unit.

Unfortunately, almost all the water in the world is "salty" water.

Gregg Wilson

By studing comets and water of the moon as well as elsewhere it is clear ice can be made in a low pressure space. Applying a V/C cycle in low pressure ice can be made at low energy outputs so it seems a simple matter to make ice this way at a much lower cost than RO or boil methods. I can see the dy when most of the water needed by humans is generated this way. You should be doing it now and eliminate the scaling problem boiling has.

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
<br />By studing comets and water of the moon as well as elsewhere it is clear ice can be made in a low pressure space. Applying a V/C cycle in low pressure ice can be made at low energy outputs so it seems a simple matter to make ice this way at a much lower cost than RO or boil methods. I can see the dy when most of the water needed by humans is generated this way. You should be doing it now and eliminate the scaling problem boiling has.
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You will have to explain your process. What is V/C? Having made ice by whatever means, how do you separate it from dissolved solids? By what energy mechanism do you make the ice?


Gregg Wilson

Gregg, If its not done on Earth maybe someone should look into using this but what does that have to do with science? Its engineering that needs to be explored. Why nothing new ever comes from engineers is an issue for sure but its not science. The science of making ice is well known but what has it been used for?(not much) But, salty seawater is made into ice that is very pure and if even more pure water is needed a RO process can be used after the ice is melted. So, make the ice in low pressure environments like found space by applying a V/C cycle. Use the brine properties to move both heat and salt concentration levels. For most uses a few parts per thosand of salt in water is ok but if PPM/PPB purity is needed add RO. Getting a high efficiency doing this can be had to if good engineering is applied.

<i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
<br />...So, make the ice in low pressure environments like found space by applying a V/C cycle.
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<i>Where do you find a low pressure environment here on Earth? Please explain V/C. Do you mean vapor compression?</i>

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<i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
Use the brine properties to move both heat and salt concentration levels.
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<i>What magical properties of brine? Name one.</i>

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<i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
Getting a high efficiency doing this can be had to if good engineering is applied.
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<i>Sinve I have designed 8 effect evaporators (very low pressure at cold end) and "hairpin" compressor driven evaporators (extreme efficiency), the issue of high efficiency has been pursued.

Freezing water and then melting the ice is energy intensive and it doesn't separate water from dissolved solids by any practical means I know of. However, if you can figure how to do this, you will be a billionare overnight.</i>

Gregg Wilson