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Antigravity Research
- cosmicsurfer
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19 years 3 weeks ago #14443
by cosmicsurfer
TORSION FIELDS, A NEW THEORY OF FORWARD AND REVERSE TIME?
"In 1928 Paul Dirac developed a relativistic equation for the electron, now known as the Dirac equation. Curiously, the equation was found to have negative energy solutions in addition to the normal positive ones. This presented a problem, as electrons tend toward the lowest possible energy level; energies of negative infinity are nonsensical. As a way of getting around this, Dirac proposed that the vacuum can be considered a "sea" of negative energy, the Dirac sea. Any electrons would therefore have to sit on top of the sea.
Thinking further, Dirac found that a "hole" in the sea would have a positive charge. At first he thought that this was the proton, but Hermann Weyl pointed out the hole should have the same mass as the electron. The existence of this particle, the positron, was confirmed experimentally in 1932 by Carl D. Anderson.
Today's standard model shows that every particle has an antiparticle, for which each additive quantum number has the negative of the value it has for the normal matter particle. The sign reversal applies only to quantum numbers (properties) which are additive, such as charge, but not to mass, for example. The positron has the opposite charge but the same mass as the electron. An atom of antihydrogen is composed of a negatively-charged antiproton being orbited by a positively-charged positron.
THE ANTIUNIVERSE
Dirac himself was the first to consider the existence of antimatter in an astronomical scale. But it was only after the confirmation of his theory, with the discovery of the positron, antiproton and antineutron that real speculation began on the possible existence of an antiuniverse. In the following years, motivated by basic symmetry principles, it was believed that the universe must consist of both matter and antimatter in equal amounts. If, however there were an isolated system of antimatter in the universe, free from interaction with ordinary matter, no earthbound observation could distinguish its true content, as photons (being their own antiparticle) are the same whether they are in a “universe” or an “antiuniverse”.
But assuming large zones of antimatter exist, there must be some boundary where antimatter atoms from the antimatter galaxies or stars will come into contact with normal atoms. In those regions a powerful flux of gamma rays would be produced. This has never been observed despite deployment of very sensitive instruments in space to detect them.
It is now thought that symmetry was broken in the early universe when charge and parity symmetry was violated (CP-violation). Standard Big Bang cosmology tells us that the universe initially contained equal amounts of matter and antimatter: however particles and antiparticles evolved slightly differently. It was found that a particular heavy unstable particle, which is its own antiparticle, decays slightly more often to positrons (e+) than to electrons (e-). How this accounts for the preponderance of matter over antimatter has not been completely explained. The Standard Model of particle physics does have a way of accommodating a difference between the evolution of matter and antimatter, but it falls short of explaining the net excess of matter in the universe by about 10 orders of magnitude.
After Dirac, the sci-fi writers had a field day with visions of antiworlds, antistars and antiuniverses, all made of antimatter, and it is still a common plot device, however suppositions of the existence a coeval, antimatter duplicate of this universe are not taken seriously in modern cosmology."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti_universe#Notation
BIG BANG, BUT WITH A TWIST:
Dark Matter, Antimatter and Time-Symmetry
Authors: Trevor Pitts (Van Meter Corporation)
Comments: 12 pages, submitted to Physics Essays. 03/19/1999: Paper updated to explain the anomalous MACHOs found by gravitational lensing. The MACHOs expected in this theory can be of solar mass without detectable electromagnetic radiation
Report-no: VMC 98-1
Subj-class: General Physics
If space, time and mass-energy expand outward from the Big Bang along the time axis equally in the (+) and (-) directions, then time is symmetric by Weyl's definition. In the Feynman-Stueckelberg Interpretation, antimatter is identical to matter but moves backward in time. This paper argues this interpretation is physically real, leading to the universe containing dark matter with mass accumulations similar to ordinary matte. As time expands, in both directions away from the origin, quantum uncertainty allows a brief, decreasing leakage of mass between (+) and (-) universes. Matter leaking from (-) to (+) time moves forward in time, producing preponderance of matter in (+) time. Antimatter leakage from (+) time to (-) time in the same way produces antimatter preponderance in the (-) time universe. The remaining opposite partner particles left by the leakage, (antimatter and matter respectively) proceeding outward in antitime and time respectively, after many annihilations also increase the two preponderances in the two universes. The anti-universe should be observable by gravitational lensing, predicting "MACHOS" of approximately stellar mass, and multiple micro-lensing of quasars. Non-existence of primordial antimatter of Z>1, and a large variation in the quantities of dark matter associated with different individual galaxies are predicted. A symmetry is provided for Nodland and Ralston's observed maximum axis of rotation of polarization of galactic synchrotron radiation. A new solution of the horizon problem at times close to the origin is indicated. Collapse of the wave function and time's arrow are explained and non-locality and instantaneity of quantum interaction required. Extension of the hypothesis to six dimensions gives an 83.3% dark matter share of the universe.
arxiv.org/abs/physics/9812021
It is obvious that all mass in the universe is in motion, what is the cause of this motion? Gravity is an effect, and not the cause of this motion as can be seen by the mass inverse square rule of spreading forces. Within any gravitational field motion appears static. The visible universe appears to be spreading apart at the speed of light, how could that be if inverse square rule applies then some other repulsive force is the cause of this extreme expansion. The torsion effect of a dual reverse spin universe may be the cause of this spreading effect around a dual vortex that has curvature, and could also cause the effects of gravity from the incoming modulation of FTL forces within atomic nuclei. Here are several graphic representations of what two dual vortical torsion field forward and reverse time waves might look like as they spin around a center and exchange light within a central two way twisting vortex:
Regarding the previous posts, I was reading that protons get out of phase with electric field at greater then 10 million electron volts in collider experiments. Just how electric fields interact with the dynamics of modulation of time waves may prove to be the key to creating antigravity and gravity.
John
Replied by cosmicsurfer on topic Reply from John Rickey
TORSION FIELDS, A NEW THEORY OF FORWARD AND REVERSE TIME?
"In 1928 Paul Dirac developed a relativistic equation for the electron, now known as the Dirac equation. Curiously, the equation was found to have negative energy solutions in addition to the normal positive ones. This presented a problem, as electrons tend toward the lowest possible energy level; energies of negative infinity are nonsensical. As a way of getting around this, Dirac proposed that the vacuum can be considered a "sea" of negative energy, the Dirac sea. Any electrons would therefore have to sit on top of the sea.
Thinking further, Dirac found that a "hole" in the sea would have a positive charge. At first he thought that this was the proton, but Hermann Weyl pointed out the hole should have the same mass as the electron. The existence of this particle, the positron, was confirmed experimentally in 1932 by Carl D. Anderson.
Today's standard model shows that every particle has an antiparticle, for which each additive quantum number has the negative of the value it has for the normal matter particle. The sign reversal applies only to quantum numbers (properties) which are additive, such as charge, but not to mass, for example. The positron has the opposite charge but the same mass as the electron. An atom of antihydrogen is composed of a negatively-charged antiproton being orbited by a positively-charged positron.
THE ANTIUNIVERSE
Dirac himself was the first to consider the existence of antimatter in an astronomical scale. But it was only after the confirmation of his theory, with the discovery of the positron, antiproton and antineutron that real speculation began on the possible existence of an antiuniverse. In the following years, motivated by basic symmetry principles, it was believed that the universe must consist of both matter and antimatter in equal amounts. If, however there were an isolated system of antimatter in the universe, free from interaction with ordinary matter, no earthbound observation could distinguish its true content, as photons (being their own antiparticle) are the same whether they are in a “universe” or an “antiuniverse”.
But assuming large zones of antimatter exist, there must be some boundary where antimatter atoms from the antimatter galaxies or stars will come into contact with normal atoms. In those regions a powerful flux of gamma rays would be produced. This has never been observed despite deployment of very sensitive instruments in space to detect them.
It is now thought that symmetry was broken in the early universe when charge and parity symmetry was violated (CP-violation). Standard Big Bang cosmology tells us that the universe initially contained equal amounts of matter and antimatter: however particles and antiparticles evolved slightly differently. It was found that a particular heavy unstable particle, which is its own antiparticle, decays slightly more often to positrons (e+) than to electrons (e-). How this accounts for the preponderance of matter over antimatter has not been completely explained. The Standard Model of particle physics does have a way of accommodating a difference between the evolution of matter and antimatter, but it falls short of explaining the net excess of matter in the universe by about 10 orders of magnitude.
After Dirac, the sci-fi writers had a field day with visions of antiworlds, antistars and antiuniverses, all made of antimatter, and it is still a common plot device, however suppositions of the existence a coeval, antimatter duplicate of this universe are not taken seriously in modern cosmology."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti_universe#Notation
BIG BANG, BUT WITH A TWIST:
Dark Matter, Antimatter and Time-Symmetry
Authors: Trevor Pitts (Van Meter Corporation)
Comments: 12 pages, submitted to Physics Essays. 03/19/1999: Paper updated to explain the anomalous MACHOs found by gravitational lensing. The MACHOs expected in this theory can be of solar mass without detectable electromagnetic radiation
Report-no: VMC 98-1
Subj-class: General Physics
If space, time and mass-energy expand outward from the Big Bang along the time axis equally in the (+) and (-) directions, then time is symmetric by Weyl's definition. In the Feynman-Stueckelberg Interpretation, antimatter is identical to matter but moves backward in time. This paper argues this interpretation is physically real, leading to the universe containing dark matter with mass accumulations similar to ordinary matte. As time expands, in both directions away from the origin, quantum uncertainty allows a brief, decreasing leakage of mass between (+) and (-) universes. Matter leaking from (-) to (+) time moves forward in time, producing preponderance of matter in (+) time. Antimatter leakage from (+) time to (-) time in the same way produces antimatter preponderance in the (-) time universe. The remaining opposite partner particles left by the leakage, (antimatter and matter respectively) proceeding outward in antitime and time respectively, after many annihilations also increase the two preponderances in the two universes. The anti-universe should be observable by gravitational lensing, predicting "MACHOS" of approximately stellar mass, and multiple micro-lensing of quasars. Non-existence of primordial antimatter of Z>1, and a large variation in the quantities of dark matter associated with different individual galaxies are predicted. A symmetry is provided for Nodland and Ralston's observed maximum axis of rotation of polarization of galactic synchrotron radiation. A new solution of the horizon problem at times close to the origin is indicated. Collapse of the wave function and time's arrow are explained and non-locality and instantaneity of quantum interaction required. Extension of the hypothesis to six dimensions gives an 83.3% dark matter share of the universe.
arxiv.org/abs/physics/9812021
It is obvious that all mass in the universe is in motion, what is the cause of this motion? Gravity is an effect, and not the cause of this motion as can be seen by the mass inverse square rule of spreading forces. Within any gravitational field motion appears static. The visible universe appears to be spreading apart at the speed of light, how could that be if inverse square rule applies then some other repulsive force is the cause of this extreme expansion. The torsion effect of a dual reverse spin universe may be the cause of this spreading effect around a dual vortex that has curvature, and could also cause the effects of gravity from the incoming modulation of FTL forces within atomic nuclei. Here are several graphic representations of what two dual vortical torsion field forward and reverse time waves might look like as they spin around a center and exchange light within a central two way twisting vortex:
Regarding the previous posts, I was reading that protons get out of phase with electric field at greater then 10 million electron volts in collider experiments. Just how electric fields interact with the dynamics of modulation of time waves may prove to be the key to creating antigravity and gravity.
John
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19 years 2 weeks ago #12862
by Patrick
Replied by Patrick on topic Reply from P
<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by cosmicsurfer</i>
<br />
John
<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">
What's interesting about this picture is that it looks exactly like the magnetic bands of the earth.
Patrick[
]
<br />
John
<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"></blockquote id="quote"></font id="quote">
What's interesting about this picture is that it looks exactly like the magnetic bands of the earth.
Patrick[
]Please Log in or Create an account to join the conversation.
- cosmicsurfer
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19 years 2 weeks ago #12939
by Charvell
Replied by Charvell on topic Reply from Herbert Watson
Regarding matter and anti-matter: I'm of the opinion the preponderance of matter is an illusion stemming from matter being made of only two types of "particles", electron and positron. If the heavier particles are made of specific numbers of matter and anti-matter in varying arrangements there would be very little missing anti-matter. Since collisions are forced annialations. they could exist side by side and we wouldn't know it. Just a thought...
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