Stoat,
Space is not as empty as we think:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casimir_effect
"The Casimir effect is an outcome of quantum field theory, which states that all of the various fundamental fields, such as the electromagnetic field, must be quantized at each and every point in space. In a nave sense, a field in physics may be envisioned as if space were filled with interconnected vibrating balls and springs, and the strength of the field can be visualized as the displacement of a ball from its rest position. Vibrations in this field propagate and are governed by the appropriate <i>wave equation </i>for the particular field in question."
Do waves propagate in space through energy fields?
example: the energy field around the solar system diminishes with distance from the sun to the outer planets. The intensity of light diminishes correspondingly.
This brings me to next question: can the universe and its motion be treated as an energy field?
I think yes! There is a hint of this in Boltzmann equations:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlasov_equation
"The Boltzmann equation is also often used in dynamics, especially galactic dynamics."
"The Boltzmann equation, also often known as the Boltzmann transport equation, devised by Ludwig Boltzmann, describes the statistical distribution of one particle in a fluid. It is one of the most important equations of <b><i>non-equilibrium statistical mechanics</i></b>, the area of statistical mechanics that deals with systems far from thermodynamic equilibrium; for instance, when there is an applied temperature gradient or electric field."
electric field ... or energy field.
The varying temperature of the universe means varying coupling force of the electron around the nucleus of the atom.
I think this agrees with George Gamow's expanding and contracting universe.
I suggest that light is not a particle but a wave.
